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In 2021 Below the Edge of Darkness and The Brilliant Abyss, by biologists Edith Widder and Helen Scales, respectively, covered similar territory.

Widder focused largely on bioluminescence, the “living light” that creatures deploy to feed, find mates and deter enemies, whereas Scales concentrated on commercial fishing and other industries that imperil deep-sea ecosystems.

The Rev. Matthew Widder, a Catholic priest who witnessed the attack, said that he first knew something was amiss when he heard shouts from the crowd.

For Martini, Haddock, Widder and the few other marine bioluminescence researchers, the pervasive glow only increases their interest in its ecological functions, evolutionary history, chemistry and genetics—and their excitement about the high-definition underwater cameras and advanced genetic sequencing that offer new ways of accessing a once all but inaccessible world.

Marine biologist Edith Widder, who founded the Ocean Research and Conservation Association in 2005, began her pioneering bioluminescence studies in the 1980s.