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That essay still feels remarkably fresh in the reprint, even though Katz’s observations occasionally gleam with a faith in the assumption of the continued worth of monuments that may turn out to be “discredited,” “outmoded” or ironically apposite, as when he says of their power, “Something like racial memory is at work.”

The implicitly “Jungian” nature of Warburg’s later work—with its call to shared cultural spirits, to archetypes in the sky and engrams in the brain—bore for him too close a resemblance to ideas of blood and racial memory.

In words that make Wagner's views on German nationhood seem more benign, Plomer described Elizabeth I's golden fame as "part of our racial memory, part of every educated or part-educated Englishman's conception of our national character and destiny".

“Somebody told me once that it takes nine generations to get rid of the racial memory,” Mr. Murphy said in a phone interview from Dublin, his grave, deliberate speech patterns bringing to mind Werner Herzog with a brogue.

A racial memory, inset against the forest scenery, flashed suddenly through the depths laid bare.