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As justification, Carr consistently points to the low tide of public trust.

In the 1930s, his successor, Joseph Stalin, cited the “inefficiency” of individual farming as justification for the collectivization of millions of peasants into state farms, creating a “terror-famine” in Ukraine.

The judiciary should not accept incoherent justifications merely because they originate from the White House.

The Justice Deprtment meanwhile drafted secret internal justifications, later widely dubbed the “torture memos,” authorizing harsh interrogation techniques.

But Trump also leaned on recent disasters as part of his justification, noting that “forest management and wildfire risk-reduction projects can save American lives and communities.”