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Next, they treated the cloth with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to add amidoxime groups to the polymers.

Both hydroxylamine and metallic iron could have been available on early Earth: hydroxylamine would probably have formed as a result of the rich, abiotic nitrogen chemistry that is known to have occurred early in the planet’s existence2, whereas metallic iron is abundant in certain meteorites that peppered our planet.

The more concentrated hydroxylamine becomes, the more unstable.

The indictment said Ashland Chemical, the Ohio company that had agreed to buy the free base from Concept Sciences, sent Ward a memo warning that his method of distilling hydroxylamine was a “significant safety issue” and “probably will not work.”

The plant’s machinery was humming, turning a powdered ammonia derivative called hydroxylamine into what the Hanover Township, Lehigh County, company hoped would be a lucrative final product, a liquid used for cleaning production residue from computer chips.