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The compound can shift its configuration, sometimes mimicking the nucleoside cytidine and sometimes mimicking uridine.

Early work showed molnupiravir inserts itself into RNA in place of the nucleoside cytidine, prompting errors in the copying process and causing a lethal buildup of mutations in the virus.

But those enzymes, called cytidine deaminases, normally act only on single-stranded DNA.

Chief among these is the fact that cytidine deaminase is toxic to mammalian cells.

These occurred as a result of tobacco exposure and the activity of enzymes called cytidine deaminases, which normally deactivate invading viruses as part of the immune response.