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“Its really about the ritual, and it’s not really about the meaning of the holiday itself,” said Nina Eliasoph, a sociology professor at the University of Southern California who specializes in political and cultural sociology.

Pina Lalli, a professor of cultural sociology at the University of Bologna, said the experience of assuming the role of a pathogen while fighting against researchers who try to develop a vaccine or treatment was “not just escapism.”

In general, the 2010s have seen "a stronger sense and awareness of diversity in mainstream media and culture," says cultural sociology professor Nick Prior.

Richard Howells, a professor of cultural sociology at King’s College, London, described “Gogglebox” to me as “a sort of surrogate community” and added, “Conversations which we might have had the next day at the office, or over the garden fence, we’re now having them somewhat vicariously.”

In a forthcoming paper in the American Journal of Cultural Sociology titled “Hierarchy versus Symmetry in German and Israeli Science,” I expose how those two sets of cultural values predetermine scientific practices and intellectual styles.