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Proulx found something similar in 2018, when he and colleagues injected tracer dyes into the cisterna magna and found they entered the systemic blood more quickly in awake mice than anesthetized ones.

They then administered a fluorescent tracer molecule into the cisterna magna.

One study10 has shown that tracers injected into the cisterna magna are primarily transported into the blood, and only secondarily into the lymphatic system.

Consistent with these findings, the authors showed that local delivery of the Vegf-c gene into the cisterna magna of old mice using a virus restored the drainage of CSF tracer into deep cervical lymph nodes.